Footwear manufacturing with an origin

ABSTRACT

An article of footwear flat pattern upper ( 126, 300, 302 ) portion ( 216 ) is provided. The upper portion ( 302 ) has a midline reference line ( 415, 416 ) extending between the toe end apex ( 316 ) and a midpoint on the heel end ( 314 ). The upper portion ( 302 ) also is comprised of an origin ( 344 ) aperture that is located within 10 millimeters of the midline reference line ( 415, 416 ) between the toe end ( 306 ) and the heel end ( 314 ) of the upper portion ( 302 ). The upper portion ( 302 ) is also formed with an overlay ( 500 ) that is coupled with the upper portion ( 302 ) between the toe end ( 306 ) and the heel end ( 314 ) and between the medial side ( 315 ) and the lateral side ( 317 ). The overlay ( 500 ) has an alignment aperture ( 345 ) that is aligned with the origin ( 344 ) aperture.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS AND PRIORITY CLAIM

This application is a divisional of co-pending U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 15/509,102, filed Mar. 6, 2017, and titled “FootwearManufacturing with an Origin,” which is a 371 National Stage of PCT App.No. PCT/US2016/034143, filed May 25, 2016, and titled “FootwearManufacturing with an Origin,” which claims priority to U.S. ProvisionalPatent App. No. 62/168,639, filed May 29, 2015, and titled “FootwearManufacturing with an Origin.” The contents of each of theseapplications is incorporated herein by reference in the entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Manufacturing of footwear has traditionally be a laborious process thatinvolves cutting individual pieces and sewing the pieces together toform the footwear. However, this manufacturing process is batch-like inthat a series of operations may be performed on a portion of the shoe bya first operator and then another series of operations, later in time,may be performed by a different operator. This start and stop processcan lead to inefficiencies in the process.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aspects hereof relate to the continuous in-line manufacturing ofarticles of footwear.

A first aspect relates to an article of footwear flat pattern upperhaving an upper portion and a footbed portion. The upper portion and thefootbed portion are integrally coextensive, such that the upper portionlateral side converges with the footbed lateral side. The footbedportion includes a concave edge extending between the footbed toe endand the footbed heel end along the footbed medial side and a pluralityof forming apertures along the medial side. The upper portion alsoincludes a plurality of forming apertures extending along the medialside.

A second aspect relates to an article of footwear flat pattern upperportion. The upper portion has a midline reference line extendingbetween the toe end apex and a midpoint on the heel end. The upperportion also is comprised of an origin aperture that is located within10 millimeters of the midline reference line between the toe end and theheel end of the upper portion. The upper portion is also formed with anoverlay that is coupled with the upper portion between the toe end andthe heel end and between the medial side and the lateral side. Theoverlay has an alignment aperture that is aligned with the originaperture.

A third aspect relates to a method of manufacturing an article offootwear from a flat pattern. The method includes cutting a first cut ina first material through the top surface and the bottom surface of thefirst material. The method continues with coupling an overlay on thefirst material top surface such that the overlay extends over the firstcut and obscures the first material top surface. The method continueswith forming the flat pattern having the first material with the firstcut and the overlay into a dimensional article of footwear configured toreceive a foot. The first material bottom surface is more interior tothe dimensional article of footwear than the top surface.

A fourth aspect relates to an article of footwear flat pattern with anintegrated collar liner. The flat pattern has a flat upper with a topsurface forming an exterior of a dimensional shoe and a bottom surfacefacing an internal cavity of the dimensional shoe. The flat pattern alsoincludes a collar liner that is coupled with the flat upper at an ankleopening. The collar liner has an interior surface and an oppositeexterior surface. The exterior surface forms an exposed surface of theinternal cavity of the dimensional shoe and the interior surface facesthe flat upper bottom surface within the internal cavity of thedimensional shoe. However, the collar liner external surface faces theflat upper top surface at an ankle opening coupling location.

This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in asimplified form that are further described below in the DetailedDescription. This Summary is not intended to identify key features oressential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended tobe used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subjectmatter.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

Illustrative aspects of the present invention are described in detailbelow with reference to the attached drawing figures, which areincorporated by reference herein and wherein:

FIG. 1 depicts a continuous in-line production on a substrate of aseries of shoe uppers, in accordance with aspects hereof;

FIG. 2 depicts the substrate of FIG. 1 passing along a series ofmanufacturing processing stations forming the continuous in-linemanufacturing system for a shoe upper, in accordance with aspectshereof;

FIG. 3 depicts a flat pattern upper formed from a substrate, inaccordance with aspects hereof;

FIG. 4 depicts the flat pattern upper of FIG. 3 having a plurality ofillustrative reference lines, in accordance with aspects hereof;

FIG. 5 depicts an exemplary overlay positioned on the substrate materialforming the flat pattern upper of FIG. 3 , in accordance with aspecthereof;

FIG. 6 depicts another exemplary overlay, an eye stay overlay, coupledwith the flat pattern upper of FIG. 5 , in accordance with aspectshereof;

FIG. 7 depicts a midfoot overlay positioned over the eye stay overlay ofFIG. 6 , in accordance with aspects hereof;

FIG. 8 depicts the flat pattern upper of FIG. 7 comprised of theoverlay, the eye stay overlay, the midfoot overlay, and a collar liner,in accordance with aspects hereof;

FIG. 9 depicts the flat pattern upper of FIG. 8 having the ankle openingregion, midfoot opening region, and nested tongue removed from the flatpattern upper, in accordance with aspects hereof;

FIG. 10 depicts an exemplary alignment tool, in accordance with aspectshereof;

FIG. 11 depicts the alignment pins of the alignment tool from FIG. 10extending through the footbed forming apertures of the flat patternupper after having been joined at the heel region from FIG. 9 , inaccordance with aspects hereof;

FIG. 12 depicts the upper portion of FIG. 11 wrapping around thealignment tool such that the forming apertures of the medial flap aremechanically engaged by the alignment pins, in accordance with aspectshereof;

FIG. 13 depicts a last inserted into a volume created by coupling amedial flap with a footbed portion, in accordance with aspects hereof;

FIG. 14 depicts a formed dimensional shoe from the flat pattern upper ofFIG. 3-9 , in accordance with aspects hereof;

FIG. 15 depicts a simplified cross section view of the ankle collar, inaccordance with aspects hereof;

FIG. 16 depicts a flow diagram representing a method of manufacturing anarticle of footwear having an overlay from a flat pattern, in accordancewith aspects hereof;

FIG. 17 depicts a flow diagram representing a method of manufacturing anarticle of footwear having an overlay from a flat pattern, in accordancewith aspects hereof; and

FIG. 18 depicts a flow diagram representing a method of manufacturing anarticle of footwear having an integrated collar liner to a flat patternupper, in accordance with aspects hereof.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The subject matter of embodiments of the present invention is describedwith specificity herein to meet statutory requirements. However, thedescription itself is not intended to limit the scope of this patent.Rather, the inventors have contemplated that the claimed subject mattermight also be embodied in other ways, to include different steps orcombinations of steps similar to the ones described in this document, inconjunction with other present or future technologies.

Aspects hereof relate to the continuous in-line manufacturing ofarticles of footwear.

A first aspect relates to an article of footwear flat pattern upperhaving an upper portion and a footbed portion. The upper portion and thefootbed portion are integrally coextensive, such that the upper portionlateral side converges with the footbed lateral side. The footbedportion includes a concave edge extending between the footbed toe endand the footbed heel end along the footbed medial side and a pluralityof forming apertures along the medial side. The upper portion alsoincludes a plurality of forming apertures extending along the medialside.

A second aspect relates to an article of footwear flat pattern upperportion. The upper portion has a midline reference line extendingbetween the toe end apex and a midpoint on the heel end. The upperportion also is comprised of an origin aperture that is located within10 millimeters of the midline reference line between the toe end and theheel end of the upper portion. The upper portion is also formed with anoverlay that is coupled with the upper portion between the toe end andthe heel end and between the medial side and the lateral side. Theoverlay has an alignment aperture that is aligned with the originaperture.

A third aspect relates to a method of manufacturing an article offootwear from a flat pattern. The method includes cutting a first cut ina first material through the top surface and the bottom surface of thefirst material. The method continues with coupling an overlay on thefirst material top surface such that the overlay extends over the firstcut and obscures the first material top surface. The method continueswith forming the flat pattern having the first material with the firstcut and the overlay into a dimensional article of footwear configured toreceive a foot. The first material bottom surface is more interior tothe dimensional article of footwear than the top surface.

A fourth aspect relates to an article of footwear flat pattern with anintegrated collar liner. The flat pattern has a flat upper with a topsurface forming an exterior of a dimensional shoe and a bottom surfacefacing an internal cavity of the dimensional shoe. The flat pattern alsoincludes a collar liner that is coupled with the flat upper at an ankleopening. The collar liner has an interior surface and an oppositeexterior surface. The exterior surface forms an exposed surface of theinternal cavity of the dimensional shoe and the interior surface facesthe flat upper bottom surface within the internal cavity of thedimensional shoe. However, the collar liner external surface faces theflat upper top surface at an ankle opening coupling location.

Articles of footwear may include shoes, boots, sandals, and the like.The term “shoe” will be used herein to generically reference an articleof footwear. It is understood that the term “shoe” is not limited to atraditional style of a shoe, but instead may include a boot, athleticshoe, sandal, running shoe, cleat, and other articles of footwear.Generally, a shoe is comprised of a ground-contacting portion, which maybe referred to as a sole. The sole may be formed from a variety ofmaterials and/or a variety of individual components. For example, a solemay comprise an outsole, a midsole, and/or and insole, as is known inthe art. The shoe may also be comprised of a foot-securing portion thatis effective to secure a user's foot to the sole. The foot-securingportion may be referred to as a shoe upper, or “upper” for short herein.An upper may be formed from one or more materials and/or one or moreindividual components. An exemplary system and technique for forming anupper is provided hereinafter in greater detail.

Regardless of the materials or techniques for forming the upper and/orsole, additional shaping and forming may be used to obtain a desiredthree-dimensional shape (e.g., a dimensional shoe). Traditionally, atooling known as a cobbler's last serves as a shape about which a shoemay be formed to a desired size, shape, and construction. As usedherein, the term “last” will reference a tool form about which an uppermay be formed. In some aspects, a sole may be coupled (e.g., adhered,stitched) to the upper as the upper is lasted (i.e., having the lastpositioned in an interior volume of the upper). The last may define thecontours, shape, style, and other characteristics of a resulting shoe.

Aspects herein contemplate a flat pattern that is then formed into adimensional shoe. A “flat pattern” is a substantially planar collectionof materials as generally depicted in FIGS. 3-9 . While the differentmaterials may be coupled to one another in a manner that form textures,bumps, embossing, protrusions, and the like, the collection of materialsis still substantially planar and therefore, “flat” even with thedeviations in height along a surface. The flat pattern, when formedabout a last to create a receiving cavity in which a user's foot may besecured, becomes a “dimensional” article. For example, athree-dimensional article of footwear is an article that is formed in amanner that can be secured to and around a portion of a wearer. A “flat”pattern, in contrast to a “dimensional” article, is not formed to bereceived about a portion of a wearer, in an exemplary aspect. Theconcept of a flat pattern is conducive to manufacturing as manymaterials used to form a shoe upper are rolled goods that are in asubstantially planar (e.g., sheet-like) configuration in their rawstate. Therefore, construction of a shoe upper from a collection of flatcomponents may be automated for a continuous in-line manufacturingprocess as a flat pattern that is later converted into a dimensionalarticle, such as through the use of a last or bespoke tooling.

At a high level, aspects contemplate forming a shoe upper in acontinuous in-line manufacturing process that allows for varied style,size, and/or materials for each of the shoe upper portions formed aspart of the in-line manufacturing. It is contemplated that themanufacturing may be automated such that one or more processes along thecontinuous line is performed by machines that are programmed to completea specific series of tasks. Additionally or alternatively, it iscontemplated that one or more processes of the manufacturing line areperformed by a human. Therefore, any combination of machine and humaninvolvement may be implemented to achieve the formation of a shoe upperand potential completion of the shoe as a whole, in exemplary aspects.

Continuous in-line manufacturing allows for strategic implementation ofengineered material properties, such as tensile strength, elongationcharacteristics, and moisture transportation in an efficient manner on aflat pattern. The flat pattern concept may provide for greaterconsistency of manufacturing and ability to implement less sophisticatedmachines and logic to perform portions of the manufacturing processrelative to a dimensional upper manufacturing process.

Manufacturing System

FIGS. 1 and 2 provide an overview of continuous in-line manufacturing ofa shoe upper, in accordance with aspects hereof. FIG. 1 , in particular,depicts a continuous in-line production 100 on a substrate 102 of aseries of uppers 118, 120, 122, 124, and 126, in accordance with aspectshereof. The substrate 102, in an exemplary aspect, serves as afoundation on which flat uppers may be formed. The substrate 102, in anexemplary aspect, has minimal stretch that allows for a registration ofposition of materials applied thereon. For example, a system may trackthe location of the substrate 102 as it passes through the in-linemanufacturing process. Knowledge of the substrate position may provideguidance of what and where processes should be performed on thesubstrate to generate a flat pattern upper portion, in an exemplaryaspect. The substrate 102 may be of any width and/or of any length. Inan exemplary aspect, the substrate 102 is a rolled good that has a widthsufficient to form at least one, two, three, four, five, or six shoeupper flat patterns across the width. As depicted in FIG. 1 , thesubstrate 102 has a width sufficient to form at least two flat patternuppers, as depicted by grouping 104 and 106. In an exemplary aspect,grouping 104 and grouping 106 represent matched uppers to form a pair ofshoe. Exemplary groupings 108, 110, 112, 114, and 116 may representright and left pairings of flat uppers that will be coordinated shoesupon completion. Each of the groupings may represent a different style,shape, configuration, or other deviation of shoe upper from the nextgroupings. For example, grouping 108 may represent a female running shoeupper while grouping 110 may represent a male baseball cleat upper, inan exemplary aspect. Further, it is contemplated that each of thegroupings may represent a common size, shape, and style of shoe upper,in an alternative exemplary aspect.

The substrate 102 may be any material; however, in an exemplary aspect,the substrate 102 is a sheet material. For example, the substrate 102may be a nonwoven fabric that is a sheet or web-like structure formedthrough entanglement of fibers/filaments by mechanical, thermal, and/orchemical processes. A nonwoven material may be a flat, porous materialthat is neither woven nor knit. A nonwoven material may be formed fromrecycled materials, such as scrap materials generated from the in-linemanufacturing process itself.

A nonwoven may be a web material, such as an industrial felt, that isfabricated by a needle felting of polyester fibers. It is contemplatedthat the substrate 102, as a nonwoven or other material (e.g.,woven/knit), may be formed from any synthetic or natural fibers. In anexemplary aspect, the fibers may be captured from the manufacturingprocess itself as part of a waste stream. For example, portions of thesubstrate 102 not forming an upper may be included in the waste streamfollowing the formation of the shoe upper. The waste stream substrate102 portions may be recycled to again form the substrate 102 for asubsequent manufacturing process, in an exemplary aspect. A nonwovensubstrate 102 may provide greater economic efficiencies whencontemplating recycling of waste stream materials relative to a knit orwoven structure that have specific engineered structures (e.g.,interlacing, looping) as opposed to random entanglement of fibersforming a nonwoven material, in an exemplary aspect.

The substrate 102 may alternatively be formed from a woven or knitmaterial. For example, it is contemplated that the substrate 102 may beformed from an in-line knit or woven material such that the substratebegins as a yarn, fiber, thread or other raw material and is then formedinto a sheet-like format as part of the in-line manufacturing process.Alternatively, it is contemplated that the substrate 102 is formed in asheet-like format by knitting or weaving prior to being introduced withthe in-line continuous manufacturing process.

Returning to FIG. 1 , the substrate 102 depicts a series ofmanufacturing processes being implemented on the successive groupings ofuppers in a direction indicated by arrow 101. For example, the upper 118of group 108 is depicted having an outline of a flat pattern shape and aseries of apertures, as will be discussed in greater detail at FIGS. 3-9. The substrate 102 progresses to another process at grouping 110 havingthe upper 120. The upper 120 may have an overlay (e.g., overlay 500 ofFIG. 5 hereinafter) applied thereon that provides desired mechanicaland/or aesthetic properties to the flat upper. The progression continuesto the grouping 112 having the upper 122 with another overlay (e.g., eyestay overlay 600 of FIG. 6 hereinafter) applied thereon. The in-linemanufacturing on the continuous roll of substrate 102 may continue togrouping 114 having upper 124 where another overlay (e.g., midfootoverlay 700 of FIG. 7 hereinafter) is applied to the flat pattern ofupper 124. Finally, in the depicted exemplary sequence of in-linemanufacturing processes, another overlay (e.g., collar liner 800 of FIG.8 hereinafter) is applied to the flat pattern upper 126 of grouping 116.In this process, a stitching 128 is depicted, as will also be discussedin greater detail with FIG. 8 .

While the specific components and processes are depicted in connectionwith FIG. 1 , it is understood that any processes (e.g., cutting,coupling, painting, printing, applying, forming, and the like) may beperformed in any sequence in any number, in accordance with aspectshereof. Further, while specific components are depicted, it iscontemplated that any combination, shape, ordering, material, and/orconfiguration of components may be implemented, in exemplary aspects.

Directional terms are used herein to provide relative positioning of oneor more features. For example, toeward or toewardly describe a directiontowards the toe end of a component. Similarly, heelward or heelwardlydescribes a direction toward the heel end of a component. Medial andlateral are directional terms relative to a formed dimensional shoe asworn by a user. For example, the medial side is toward an inner portionrelative to a body midline of a user's foot when worn, and the lateralside is toward an outer portion relative to the body midline of theuser's foot when worn.

FIG. 2 depicts the substrate 102 progressing along a series ofmanufacturing processing stations forming the continuous in-linemanufacturing system 200 for a shoe upper, in accordance with aspectshereof. In particular, the system 200 is comprised of a conveyancesystem 202 and a series of processing stations 204, 206, 208, 210, and212. The conveyance system 202 and the processing stations are exemplaryin nature and merely intended to illustrate a continuous in-linemanufacturing system. It is understood that different systems andstations may be implemented in any combination, spacing, sequence, andconfiguration to accomplish aspects provided herein. Exemplaryprocessing stations may include, but are not limited to, printingstation, liquid applying stations, heat stations, steam stations,cutting stations, punching stations, placing stations, sewing stations,adhesive stations, welding stations, and the like. Further, it iscontemplated that one or more stations may be combined into a commonstation that performs two or more operations in a common location and/orconcurrently. Further, it is contemplated that one or more stations maybe human occupied, such that the operation is performed by a humanabsent or in connection with a machine.

FIGS. 3-9 depict a sequence of exemplary processes that may be performedby one or more stations of the system 200, in an exemplary aspect.However, the specific flat pattern upper formed from the system willvary from the illustrative example(s) provided herein. The flexibilityof the system 200, by design, allows for the varied manufacturing ofdifferent flat uppers without material change to the system 200configuration. Instead, it is contemplated that one or more stations maybe activated or deactivated depending on a particular flat pattern upperpassing there through. For example, it is contemplated that a firstupper may utilize a printing station to add printed elements thereonwhile a subsequent upper formed on the same continuous substrate 102does not utilize the printer station as the subsequent upper is of adifferent style. Similarly, it is contemplated that a first upperutilizes a station to perform a first task (e.g., particular cuttingpattern, a particular stitching pattern, a particular adhering pattern,a particular printing pattern) while a subsequent upper of a differentstyle/configuration also uses the processing station, but for adifferent task (e.g., a different particular cutting pattern, adifferent particular stitching pattern, a different particular adheringpattern, a different particular printing pattern).

It is contemplated that one or more identifiers may be used to informthe system 200 of what operations should be performed for a given flatpattern upper. For example, it is contemplated that a vision recognitionsystem may be used at one or more of the processing stations to identifya particular flat pattern upper based on the flat upper component, amarking (e.g., barcode, QR code), or other visually detectable feature.It is also contemplated that a radio frequency identification technologymay be implemented to identify a flat pattern upper at one or more ofthe processing stations. For example, it is contemplated that a radiofrequency identification (RFID) technology may be leveraged. Othertechnologies are contemplated as well, such as embedded reactive fibersthat react to one or more stimuli (e.g., electromagnetic energy).Additionally, it is contemplated that a position of a flat pattern onthe substrate may be registered such that as the substrate 102progresses to a known location/distance, a particular flat pattern upperformed thereon is also known. State differently, in an aspect, a lowmodulus of elasticity associated with a continuous substrate may providesufficient accuracy for knowing a location of a flat upper being formedthereon as it progresses through the system 200. It is furthercontemplated that two or more identification systems may be implementedin combination to assist in the manufacturing of uppers in a continuousin-line system.

As depicted in FIG. 2 , it is contemplated that the system 200 mayprogress until a flat pattern upper is removed from the continuous rollof substrate 102. As such, it is contemplated that a portion of thesubstrate 102 forms a portion of the removed upper. FIG. 2 depicts anextracted flat pattern upper outline 214 from the substrate 102. Aremainder of waste stream is depicted by portion 216 of the substrate102. The portion 216 may be recycled for use within another portion of asubstrate for subsequent forming of an upper, in an exemplary aspect.

FIGS. 3-9 depict an exemplary sequence of forming a flat pattern upper300, in accordance with aspects hereof. It should be noted that the flatpattern upper 300 may be part of a continuous substrate, such as a rollof nonwoven material depicted in FIGS. 1 and/or 2 . Therefore, while anouter perimeter is depicted in FIGS. 3-9 for the substrate layer, inactuality no such perimeter may be demarcated until the flat patternupper 300 is removed from the greater collection of substrate materials.Alternatively, it is contemplated that the substrate is cut to shapeprior to (or during) one or more manufacturing processes prior tocompletion of subsequent processes to be performed on the flat patternupper 300, in an exemplary aspect. In this alternative contemplation,the depicted perimeter of FIG. 3 may represent an edge of the substratematerial onto which the flat pattern upper 300 is formed. Additionally,as previously provided, the shape, size, and configuration of thecomponents (e.g., substrate of FIG. 3 forming the flat pattern upper300) may deviate and the provided representations are illustrative innature. For example, it is contemplated that a footbed portion 304 maybe divided such that a portion is on an upper medial side 311 of anupper portion 302 and another portion of the footbed portion may be onan upper lateral side 313 of the upper portion 302, in an exemplaryaspect. Further, it is contemplated in alternative aspects the flatpattern upper is formed without a coextensive footbed portion. Further,while a nested tongue is depicted in FIG. 3 extending from an upper heelend 348, such a feature may be omitted in aspects without departing fromthe scope of the disclosure hereof. Therefore, alternativeconfigurations, shapes, styles, and orientations of one or more featuresof the flat pattern upper are contemplated and not limited to theexemplary illustrations hereof.

Substrate as a Flat Pattern Upper

Turning to FIG. 3 specifically, the flat pattern upper 300 is depicted,in accordance with aspects hereof. The flat pattern upper 300 iscomprised of the upper portion 302 and a coextensive footbed portion304. The term “coextensive” as used herein denotes a portion that iscontiguous with another portion in an integral manner. For example, theupper portion 302 is formed from a common contiguous material (e.g., thesubstrate 102 of FIG. 1 ) as the footbed portion 304. The materialforming each of the coextensive portions are integral with one anothersuch that the portions converge together and are not subsequently joinedtogether by welding, adhering, or stitching, for example.

The upper portion is comprised of an upper toe end 306 forming a convexedge and an upper heel end 348. The upper heel end 348 may be furtherdefined by an upper medial heel end 308 and an upper lateral heel end310. The upper portion 302 is further comprised of the upper medial side311 and an opposite upper lateral side 313. The upper medial side 311may further be defined by a toeward medial edge 326, a medial flap edge329, and a heelward medial edge 330, in the illustrated example.Further, the upper portion 302 is comprised of a medial flap 328, whichwill be discussed in greater detail hereinafter. The upper lateral side313 may be further defined by a toeward lateral edge 352 and a heelwardlateral edge 350. As will also be discussed hereinafter, the upperportion 302 is coextensive with the footbed portion 304 proximate atleast a portion of the upper lateral side 313, in the illustratedaspect.

The footbed portion 304 is comprised of a footbed toe end 312, a footbedheel end 314, a footbed lateral side 317, and a footbed medial side 315.The footbed medial side 315 may be further defined by a toe end apex316, a nadir 318, and a heel end apex 320. The toe end apex 316, nadir318, and heel end apex 320 define a concave edge 319 of the medial side315.

Converting a flat pattern upper 300 into a dimensional shoe having anappropriate shape and comfort may implement a divergence of thecoextensive upper portion 302 and footbed portion 304 at one or more ofthe heel end or toe end. For example, an intersection 322 is formed atthe intersection of the toeward lateral edge 352 and the lateral side317 of the footbed portion 304. An acute angle is formed at theintersection 322 between the upper portion 302 and the footbed portion304. The acute angle allows for an acceptable forming of dimensionalfootwear having a curved compound surface proximate a toe end (e.g., toebox) of an article of footwear. An obtuse angle, in an exemplary, aspectmay not facilitate converting a flat pattern upper into a dimensionalarticle of footwear having coextensive upper and footbed portions, in anexemplary aspect. Similarly towards a heel end, the flat pattern upper300 forms an intersection 324 at the intersection of the heelwardlateral edge 350 and the lateral side 317 near the heel end 314 of thefootbed portion 304. An acute angle is formed at the intersection 324between the upper portion 302 and the footbed portion 304. For reasonsdiscussed with the toewardly acute angle, similar benefits may berealized with an acute angle heelwardly between an upper and footbedportions, in exemplary aspects.

As will be illustrated in FIGS. 10-13 hereinafter, forming a dimensionalshoe from the flat pattern upper 300 may leverage one or more formingapertures to allow appropriate registration and alignment between theupper and footbed portions, in accordance with aspects hereof. It iscontemplated that any number of apertures may be utilized in anylocation and of any size. FIG. 3 depicts an exemplary configuration ofapertures; however, a fewer number of apertures, a different arrangementof apertures, and/or a different size of apertures may be implemented.For example, it is contemplated that a single aperture on the footbedportion 304 and a single aperture on the upper portion 302 may be usedto form a flat pattern upper into a dimensional shoe. It is alsocontemplated that two apertures associated with the footbed portion 304and two aperture associated with the upper portion 302 may be used toform a flat pattern upper into a dimensional shoe. Additionally, asdepicted, it is contemplated that three or more apertures on both of theupper and footbed portions may be used to form a flat pattern upper intoa dimensional shoe, in exemplary aspects.

The footbed portion 304 is depicted as having a footbed first aperture334, a footbed second aperture 332, and a footbed third aperture 336.The upper portion 302 is depicted as having an upper first aperture 340,and upper second aperture 338, and an upper third aperture 342. As willbe illustrated in FIGS. 10-13 , it is contemplated that the similarlynamed apertures of the footbed and upper portions are aligned to theirrespective counterpart-named apertures to appropriately align the flatpattern upper 300 when formed into a dimensional shoe. These aperturesuseful in aligning portions of the flat pattern upper 300 will bediscussed in greater detail in FIGS. 4 and 10-13 hereinafter.

Another aperture type is also depicted in the flat pattern upper 300. Anorigin 344 and a second origin 346 are depicted within the upper portion302. As will be discussed hereinafter, the origin apertures provide analignment indicator for one or more subsequent components (e.g.,overlays), features (e.g., adhesive, print), cutting, and/or otherprocesses performed on the flat pattern upper 300. For example, theorigin(s) may provide for physical registration of an overlay such thata pin extends through an origin of the substrate and also extendsthrough an alignment aperture of the overlay to ensure appropriatepositioning of the overlay relative to the substrate. As will bediscussed in FIG. 4 , the origin aperture(s) may be positioned at anylocation on or near the flat pattern upper 300, in exemplary aspects.However, in a specific configuration, an origin aperture is formedwithin a midfoot opening region (e.g., a midfoot opening region 901 ofFIG. 9 ), such as a throat between athletic shoe opposing eyebrows. Bypositioning the origin(s) within the midfoot opening region, theorigin(s) may be centrally located within the upper portion 302 and alsobe removed when the midfoot opening is formed. Stated differently,locating the origin(s) within a location to be removed as waste streamfollowing one or more operations allows the origins to serve an intendedpurpose during in-line manufacturing while not interfering with a finaldimensional shoe, in an exemplary aspect.

As previously discussed, the flat pattern upper 300 of FIG. 3 isillustrative in nature and is not limiting as to concepts providedherein. For example, alternative sizing, shaping, and orientations arecontemplated within the scope of features provided herein.

Reference Lines

Turning to FIG. 4 that depicts the flat pattern upper 300 of FIG. 3having a plurality of illustrative reference lines, in accordance withaspects hereof. The illustrated reference lines are merely demonstrativeand are not necessarily visible demarcations. Therefore, it iscontemplated that a flat pattern upper 300 in an in-line manufacturingprocess would not actually depict the reference lines of FIG. 4 .Instead, the reference line of FIG. 4 may be determined from thefollowing discussion.

An upper midline 402 is depicted extending between the upper toe end 306and the upper heel end 348. Specifically, it is contemplated that theupper midline 402 extends through an apex of the upper toe end 306, inan exemplary aspect. The upper midline 402 is also contemplated asextending through the upper heel end 348 at a location equidistantbetween a medial heel intersection 420 and a lateral heel intersection422. The medial heel intersection 420 is formed at the intersection ofupper heelward medial edge 330 and the upper medial heel end 308. Thelateral heel intersection 422 is formed at the intersection of theheelward lateral edge 350 and the upper lateral heel end 310. As theshape and configuration of the flat pattern upper may be variable amongstyles, the medial heel intersection 420 may be positioned at anouter-most location of intersection between a medial side and a heel endof an upper portion. Similarly, as the shape and configuration of theflat pattern upper may be variable among styles, the lateral heelintersection 422 may be positioned at an outer-most location ofintersection between a lateral side and a heel end of an upper portion.

A medial reference line 404 is depicted extending from the medial heelintersection 420 to an intersection of the upper midline 402 and the toeend 306. A lateral reference line 406 is depicted extending from thelateral heel intersection 422 to the intersection of the upper midline402 and the toe end 306.

A first reference line 408 is depicted extending between the toe endapex 316 and the heel end apex 320 of the footbed portion 304. A secondreference line 410 is depicted a extending through the nadir 318 andparallel to the first reference line 408.

A portion intersection line 412 is depicted extending through theintersection 322 and through the intersection 324. In an exemplaryaspect, the portion intersection line 412 demarks the upper lateral side313 and the footbed lateral side 317 where the portions are coextensive,in an exemplary aspect. It is contemplated that in alternativeconfigurations of the flat upper pattern having a part of the footbedportion also on the upper medial side 311 that a second portionintersection line (not shown) may be formed between the intersection ofthe upper and a medial-side footbed portion, for example.

A third reference line 414 is depicted extending perpendicular to theupper midline 402 and extending through the intersection 322. A fourthreference line 418 is depicted extending perpendicular to the uppermidline 402 and passing through the nadir 318 of the footbed portion304. A fifth reference line 416 is depicted as extending perpendicularto the upper midline 402 and between the third reference line 414 andthe fourth reference line 418. In an exemplary aspect, the fifthreference line 415 extends along a ball width of the flat pattern upper300 when formed about a last, in an exemplary aspect.

Forming Apertures

As previously introduced in connection with FIG. 3 , the flat patternupper 300 is comprised of two or more apertures effective to align theupper portion 302 with the footbed portion 304 when being formed into adimensional shoe. The footbed portion 304 is comprised of the footbedfirst aperture 334, the footbed second aperture 332, and the footbedthird aperture 336. The upper portion 302 is comprised of the upperfirst aperture 340, the upper second aperture 338, and the upper thirdaperture 342. As previously discussed, any number of forming aperturesis contemplated.

The footbed first aperture 334 is proximate the medial edge near thenadir 318. In an exemplary aspect, the footbed first aperture 334 iswithin 20 millimeters (“mm”) of the fifth reference line 416 and within20 mm of the footbed medial edge. In another exemplary aspect, thefootbed first aperture is within 20 mm of the nadir 318. The position ofthe footbed first aperture 334 provides for acceptable alignment of theflat pattern upper 300 portions as the proximity to the nadir 318 exertstension forces on the flat pattern upper 300 when formed about a last.Further, it is contemplated that the footbed second aperture 332 ispositioned between the first reference line 408 and the second referenceline 410, in an exemplary aspect.

The footbed second aperture 332 is proximate the footbed medial edgebetween the toe end apex 316 and the nadir 318, in an exemplary aspect.Specifically, it is contemplated that the footbed second aperture 332 isproximate the concave edge of the footbed portion 304 by less than 20mm. In an exemplary aspect, the footbed second aperture 332 is betweenthe third reference line 414 and the fifth reference line 416. In yetanother exemplary aspect, the footbed second aperture is within 20 mm ofthe third reference line 414 and/or the fifth reference line 416. Theposition of the footbed second aperture 332 provides alignment proximatethe ball width of the dimensional shoe where a last may exert tensioningforces at an apex of a compound curve formed by the last.

The footbed third aperture 336 is positioned between the footbed firstaperture 334 and the footbed heel end, in an exemplary aspect. Further,it is contemplated that the footbed third aperture 336 is within 20 mmof the footbed medial side. In an additional aspect, it is contemplatedthat the footbed third aperture 336 is positioned between the nadir 318and the heel end apex 320 proximate the medial side of the footbedportion 304, in an exemplary aspect. It is contemplated that the footbedthird aperture 336 is positioned between the first reference line 408and the second reference line 410, in an exemplary aspect.

The forming apertures on the upper portion 302 previously introducedinclude the upper first aperture 340, the upper second aperture 338, andthe upper third aperture 342. However, as previously discussed, it iscontemplated that any number of forming apertures may be present on theflat pattern upper. In particular, it is contemplated that two formingapertures are present on a first side (e.g., medial side of an upperportion) and two corresponding forming apertures on an opposite secondside (e.g., medial side of a footbed portion).

The forming apertures of the upper portion 302 are depicted as beingformed in the medial flap 328 of FIG. 3 . The medial flap 328 may extendalong the medial side of the upper portion 302 such that it is intendedto overlap a part of the footbed portion 304 between the toe end apex316 and the heel end apex 320. By overlapping within the convex regionof the footbed portion medial edge, the medial flap 328 is positionedunder an arch region of a wearer's foot when formed into a dimensionalshoe. The overlapping of substrate in this region may be minimallydetectable to the user and provide greater comfort than if the flapextends to the ball or heel of the user when formed in the dimensionalshoe, in an exemplary aspect.

The upper first aperture 340 is positioned on the upper portion 302proximate the medial edge. In an exemplary aspect, the upper firstaperture 340 is positioned at the medial flap proximate the medial flapedge 329 of FIG. 3 . For example, the upper first aperture 340 is within20 mm of the medial edge. The upper first aperture 340 is proximate thefifth reference line 416, in an exemplary aspect. It is contemplatedthat the upper first aperture is within 20 mm of the fifth referenceline 416, in an exemplary aspect.

The upper second aperture 338 is positioned on the upper portion 302proximate the medial edge and between the upper first aperture 340 andthe upper toe end 306, in an exemplary aspect. It is contemplated thatthe upper second aperture is positioned on the medial flap proximate themedial flap edge 329 of FIG. 3 . The upper second aperture 338 may bepositioned between the third reference line 414 and the fifth referenceline 416, in an exemplary aspect. Further, it is contemplated that theupper second aperture 338 is within 20 mm of an outer edge, such as themedial flap edge 329 of FIG. 3 .

The upper third aperture 342 is positioned on the upper proximate themedial edge and between the upper first aperture 340 and the uppermedial heel end 308. In an exemplary aspect, the upper third aperture342 is positioned on the medial flap heelwardly from the upper firstaperture 340. It is also contemplated that the upper third aperture 342is positioned within 20 mm of the upper portion 302 medial edge.

Having the various forming apertures within at least 20 mm of an edgeallows sufficient substrate material to extend between the formingaperture and the edge to support the tensioning forces exerted on thesubstrate material during a forming (e.g., lasting) process whileminimizing an amount of substrate material that overlaps. It iscontemplated that more than 20 mm is utilized in exemplary aspects.Further, it is contemplated that substrate material extending betweenthe forming aperture and an edge may be removed following a coupling(e.g., adhering, stitching, welding) of the upper portion 302 with thefootbed portion 304, in exemplary aspects.

The utilization of the forming apertures will be illustrated in FIGS.10-13 hereinafter to join the upper portion 302 with the footbed portion304 to form a dimensional shoe around a last or other form. As such, itis contemplated that the position of the upper first aperture 340 andthe footbed first aperture 334 are positioned such that when the upperportion 302 medial side is brought into proximity with the footbedportion 304 medial side and aligned by the first apertures, the flatpattern upper 300 forms appropriately to a last. Similarly, if utilized,the upper second aperture 338 and the footbed second aperture 332 arepositioned such that when the upper portion 302 medial side is broughtinto proximity with the footbed portion 304 medial side and aligned bythe second apertures, the flat pattern upper 300 forms appropriately toa last. The position of the upper third aperture 342 and the footbedthird aperture 336 are similarly positioned to allow for appropriateforming of the flat pattern upper 302 into a dimensional shoe.

While the forming apertures are depicted as circular holes extendingthrough the substrate material, it is contemplated that they may be anystructure. In an exemplary aspect, the forming apertures are not even ahole that extends through the substrate, but instead a marking toindicate where an alignment pin (e.g., first alignment pin 1002 of FIG.10 ) is to extend through the substrate, thus forming an aperture atleast temporarily. Therefore, the forming apertures serve as aregistration tools to ensure appropriate positioning of flat patternupper portions when being formed into a dimensional shoe.

Origin

As previously introduced in FIG. 3 , the origin 344 provides a locationfrom which process and/or components may be oriented to ensureappropriate positioning and/or alignment. For example, as will bedepicted in FIG. 5 , an overlay 500 is positioned on the substratematerial. The position of the overlay 500 is determined based onphysical registration of the origin 344 with an alignment aperture 345of the overlay 500. A combination of two or more origin apertures may beused in connection to provide both positional and rotational alignmentbetween two or more components/layers. Further, it is contemplated thatan origin, such as the origin 344 aperture, provides positional guidancefor one or more processes to be performed. For example, throughmechanical interaction with an origin and/or optical detection of theorigin, a robotic member may perform a process contemplated herein(e.g., cutting, sewing, gluing, welding, positioning) on one or moreparts of the flat pattern upper 300.

The origin 344 is positioned on the substrate between the upper toe end306 and the upper heel end 348. In an exemplary aspect, the origin 344is positioned within 10 mm of the upper midline 402. A 10 mm toleranceallows for the origin 344 to be maintained within a midfoot openingregion (e.g., midfoot opening region 901 of FIG. 9 ) that willsubsequently be removed from the flat pattern upper 300, in an exemplaryaspect. As a result, the origin 344, in this example, can providefunctional assistance to the formation of the flat pattern upper 300without detracting from the finished dimensional shoe.

In an exemplary aspect, the origin 344 is positioned heelward of thethird reference line 414. Further, in an exemplary aspect, the origin344 is positioned toeward of the fourth reference line 418. It iscontemplated that the origin is positioned between the third referenceline 414 and the fourth reference line 418. It is also contemplated thatthe origin 344 is positioned within 10 mm of an intersection between theupper midline 402 and the fifth reference line 416. Further yet, it iscontemplated that the origin 344 is positioned between the thirdreference line 414 and the fourth reference line 418 in a toe-to-heeldirection and positioned between the medial reference line 404 and thelateral reference line 406 in a medial-to-lateral direction.

The second origin 346 is positioned between the origin 344 and the upperheel end 348, in an exemplary aspect. Further, it is contemplated thatthe second origin is within 10 mm of the upper midline 402, in anexemplary aspect. Further yet, it is contemplated that the second originis positioned between the origin 344 and the upper heel end 348 in atoe-to-heel direction and between the medial reference line 404 and thelateral reference line 406 in a medial-to-lateral direction, in anexemplary aspect. Additionally or alternatively, it is contemplated thatthe second origin 346 is positioned on the flat pattern upper 300 withina midfoot opening region, such as the midfoot opening region 901 of FIG.9 .

As with the forming apertures, it is contemplated that the origin(s),while depicted as circular holes extending through the substrate, mayinstead be any shape or configuration. For example, an origin may be avisual marking through which an alignment pin extends for alignment ofone or more overlays. The extension of the alignment pin through thesubstrate may, at least temporarily, form an aperture. Alternatively, avisual alignment based on the location of an origin formed as a visualmarker is contemplated. Also, it is contemplated that any number oforigins may be utilized in any configuration and in any location toachieve aspects contemplated herein.

Overlays and Precutting Obscured Materials

Turning to FIG. 5 , an exemplary overlay 500 is positioned on thesubstrate material forming the flat pattern upper 300, in accordancewith aspect hereof. The overlay 500 or any overlay may be formed fromany material and may be of any shape, orientation, size, and/orposition. In an exemplary aspect, the overlay 500 or any overlay isformed from a knit material. In an alternative exemplary aspect theoverlay 500 or any overlay is formed from a woven material. In yetanother alternative exemplary aspect, the overlay 500 or any overlay isformed from a sheet-like or film-like material. An overlay may be acushioning element, a tensile element, a plastic element, a rubberelement, or any material or functional portion in exemplary aspects. Itis contemplated that the overlay 500 or any overlay may be formed fromsynthetic or natural materials. For example, an overlay may be formedfrom a polymer-based material, cotton-based material, wool-basedmaterial, leather-based material, and any other materials suitable forthe construction of a shoe.

As previous discussed, the figures represent the flat pattern upper 300having a solid perimeter for illustration purposes. However, if the flatpattern upper is formed from a substrate in a continuous manner, some ofthe perimeter elements of the flat pattern upper 300 substrate materialmay not be formed (e.g., cut) until one or more process have beenperformed on the substrate material (e.g., coupling of overlays,printing, cutting of midfoot opening, sewing). Delaying separating thesubstrate portion of the flat pattern upper 300 from the greater sourceof the substrate allows the flat pattern upper to remain in a knownrelative location of the greater substrate material as it passes througha continuous in-line manufacturing system, such as that depicted inFIGS. 1 and 2 discussed previously.

However, as materials may be layered on other materials, such as thesubstrate, processes, such as cutting, are performed prior to obscuringthe to-be-processed material. For example, FIG. 5 depicts the substratematerial portion of the flat pattern upper 300 with solid-line perimetermarkings where the substrate is not obscured by the overlay 500.However, those portions of the substrate that are obscured by theoverlaying and overlapping of the overlay 500 are depicted in dashedlines. For example, the heelward medial edge 330, the toeward medialedge 326, the toeward lateral edge 352, the heelward lateral edge 350,and portions of the footbed lateral edge extending from intersections(e.g., intersection 322, 324) with the upper portion are all depicted indashed lines.

It is contemplated that prior to placing the overlay 500 on thesubstrate material, a cutting process is performed to cut the substrateat the dashed lines of the heelward medial edge 330, the toeward medial326, the toeward lateral edge 352, the heelward lateral edge 350, andportions of the footbed lateral edge. As the flat pattern upper 300 isextending through a continuous in-line manufacturing system in asubstantially planar manner, cutting of obscured portions of materialmay include displacing or moving the overlay subsequent to aligning theoverlay, which could disturb the alignment. Therefore, prior to placingand potentially securing the overlay, obscured portions of an underlyingmaterial (e.g., substrate) are cut to limit moving of an overlay oncealigned on the underlying material.

Turning briefly to FIG. 17 illustrating a flow diagram 1700 representinga method of manufacturing an article of footwear having an overlay froma flat pattern, in accordance with aspects hereof. At a first block1702, a first cut is made into a first material having a top surface andan opposite bottom surface. The first cut extends through the topsurface and the bottom surface. The first material may be any material,such as a substrate or another layer (e.g., an additional overlay) of aflat pattern upper. For example, a cut may be made through a substrate.The substrate having both a top surface and an opposite bottom surface.The first cut may be made through any means, such as a knife, a die, apunch, a laser, a water jet, an air jet, a media jet, a hot edge, andthe like as is known in the art. The cut may be linear, such asdefining, at least a portion of, a perimeter, such as a perimeter of afootbed portion or a perimeter of an upper portion. The cut may form anaperture, such as an origin or forming aperture. The cut may bepositioned at an internal location of the flat pattern upper or the cutmay occur at a perimeter of the flat pattern upper, in an exemplaryaspect.

At a block 1704, subsequent to cutting the first cut through the firstmaterial, an overlay is coupled on the first material top surface. Theoverlay extends over and obscures the first cut on the first materialtop surface. As a result, if the first cut was intended to be made afterthe overlay was positioned on the first material, at least a portion ofthe overlay would need to be re-positioned or otherwise moved to accessthe first material to make the first cut without also cutting theoverlay. Therefore, the portions of the first material intended to becut without also cutting a corresponding overlaying portion of anoverlay are cut prior to placing the overlay on the first material. Thecoupling of the overlay to the first material may use sewing, adhering,welding, mechanical fastening, and the like to couple the overlay withthe first material.

The first cut may be made at the acute angle formed at the intersection322 and/or the intersection 324 of FIG. 5 . As previously provided inFIG. 3 , the acute angles may represent a flat pattern configurationallowing for the footbed portion and the upper portion to appropriatelyform around a tool, such as a last, while avoiding unintendeddeformation, wrinkling, and/or pucker of the substrate. However, it iscontemplated that an overlay, such as overlay 500 of FIG. 5 , obscuresthe acute angles at intersections 322 and/or 324 in order to form anaesthetically intended outer surface for the formed shoe, in anexemplary aspect.

In an exemplary aspect, the coupling of the overlay to the firstmaterial does not include a connection/coupling of the overlay and thefirst material at the first cut. Instead, it is contemplated that thefirst material may move independent of the overlay at the first cut. Forexample, as will be depicted in FIG. 12 , a portion of the substratethat is precut before the overlay 500 is applied extends around a lastat the precut portions to allow for forming of the substrate about thelast. Therefore, to limit interference with the substrate securing andalignment about a last, the overlay is not secured at one or more of theprecut locations.

In additional aspects, it is contemplated that the method depicted inflow diagram 1700 optionally includes cutting a second cut, the secondcut extending through the first material and the overlay. The second cutmay be formed following the block 1702. The second cut may be performedprior to or subsequent to the block 1704. The second cut is performed ata location that will be obscured by a second overlay extending over anoverlay top surface 502 of FIG. 5 and the first material of the block1702. It is also contemplated that the second overlay, in this optionalaspect, is coupled with the overlay. The coupling may be of any manner,such as sewing, welding, adhering, and the like.

At a block 1706, the first material having the first cut is formed intoa dimensional shoe. As indicated previously and as will be discussedwith respect to FIGS. 12 and 13 , it is contemplated that the flatpattern upper onto which the first cut may be made is formed into adimensional shoe. The forming of the dimensional shoe may includewrapping a substrate material through which the first cut extends arounda last or other forming tool. The first cut allows for the substrate tobe removed from a greater source of the substrate (e.g., a continuousline of substrate) without cutting one or more overlays that extendbeyond a perimeter of the substrate. Therefore, while the substrate maybe cut to form around the last, the overlay(s) need not be cut at thesame locations to allow an intended aesthetic finish that is notconstrained by the intended shaping of the underlying substrate.

Returning to FIG. 5 , the overlay 500 is positioned on the substrateforming the flat pattern upper 300. Appropriate positioning of theoverlay relative to the flat pattern upper 300 is accomplished with theorigin 344 and, in this example, the second origin 346 that are alignedwith a first alignment aperture 345 and a second alignment aperture 347,respectively. The first alignment aperture 345 extends through theoverlay 500 and is positioned on the overlay 500 to allow forappropriate positioning relative to the underlying material (e.g.,substrate). Similarly, the second alignment aperture 347 extends throughthe overlay 500 and is positioned on the overlay 500 to allow forappropriate positioning relative to the underlying material (e.g.,substrate).

As depicted in FIG. 5 , the origin 344 and the first alignment aperture345 align. Also depicted in FIG. 5 is the second origin 346 in alignmentwith the second alignment aperture 347. As previously provided, the useof origin apertures and alignment apertures provide for a mechanicalalignment of two or more components during an in-line manufacturingprocess. However, it is contemplated that an origin aperture and analignment aperture may be omitted in alternative aspects, such as when acontinuous substrate (e.g., rolled good) forms a foundation of the flatpattern upper. In this example, it is contemplated that a known locationof the continuous substrate provides positional information sufficientto align one or more overlay thereon.

Turning briefly to FIG. 16 illustrating a flow diagram 1600 representinga method of manufacturing an article of footwear having an overlay froma flat pattern, in accordance with aspects hereof. At a block 1602 anorigin is formed extending through an upper portion of a flat patternupper. The origin may be positioned in a midfoot opening region of theshoe. As previously provided, the origin may be formed from any suitablemeans, such as cutting, stamping, burning, and the like.

At a block 1604, an overlay having an alignment aperture is coupled withthe upper portion, such as a substrate material. The overlay is alignedwith the upper portion such that the alignment aperture and the originare aligned such that a common member extends through each of the originand alignment aperture. As previously provided, the overlay may becoupled by any suitable means, such as sewing, adhering, welding, andthe like.

At a block 1606, a midfoot region opening is removed from the upperportion having the origin aperture. The midfoot region, such at themidfoot opening region 901 of FIG. 9 , includes the origin aperture andonce the overlay is coupled with the underlying material (e.g.,substrate), the origin may no longer be needed and therefore can beremoved with the midfoot opening region material.

At a block 1608, the upper portion having the overlay coupled theretoand the midfoot opening region removed is formed into a dimensionalshoe.

Turning to FIG. 6 , that depicts another exemplary overlay, an eye stayoverlay 600, coupled with the flat pattern upper 300, in accordance withaspects hereof. In this example, the eye stay overlay 600 is coupled tothe top surface 502 of the overlay 500. However, it is contemplated thatan overlay may be coupled with any other materials forming the flatpattern upper 300, such as the substrate itself. The eye stay overlayincludes alignment apertures aligned with the origin 344 and the secondorigin 346 to achieve an appropriate position, orientation, androtation. The eye stay overlay 600, in an exemplary aspect, is formedfrom a durable material, such as leather or a polymer-based material(e.g., thermoplastic polyurethane). The eye stay overlay 600 may serveas a reinforcement material through which one or more eyelets are formedfor a lacing structure. The eye stay overlay 600 demonstrates engineeredplacement of functional materials on an in-line manufactured shoe. Also,the location of the eye stay overlay 600 highlights a benefit of havingthe origin 344 in the position on the flat pattern upper 300 providedabove, such that it can serve as a positional guide for componentsproximate the midfoot opening region while still being removed, ifnecessary.

Turning to FIG. 7 that depicts a midfoot overlay 700 positioned over theeye stay overlay 600 of FIG. 6 , in accordance with aspects hereof. Ascan be appreciated, the flat pattern upper 300 may be formed from aplurality of layers positioned, secured, and aligned to form a desiredresulting flat pattern upper 300. In this example, it is contemplatedthat the eye stay overlay 600 and the midfoot overlay 700 have yet to bepermanently secured to the underlying material (e.g., substrate).Instead, one or more alignment pins may maintain the appropriatealignment until a coupling process is performed, which may concurrentlycouple multiple overlays. Alternatively, it is contemplated that anoverlay may be coupled to an underlying material prior to anotheroverlay being applied. So, in this example, the eye stay overlay 600 maybe coupled with the overlay 500 prior to the midfoot overlay 700 beingapplied, in an exemplary aspect.

The midfoot overlay 700 may serve as an eyebrow finish material, in anexemplary aspect. As will be discussed hereinafter, the midfoot overlay700 may form a perimeter edge of the midfoot opening once removed.Additionally, as will be illustrated in FIG. 8 , the midfoot overlay mayserve as a nested tongue 810 finish material at a top edge 812 of thenested tongue 810. Therefore, a common overlay may serve multiple rolesin the flat pattern upper 300 construction.

Turing now to FIG. 8 that depicts the flat pattern upper 300 comprisedof the overlay 500, the eye stay overlay (not shown), the midfootoverlay 700, and a collar liner 800, in accordance with aspects hereof.The collar liner 800 is an exemplary overlay. In an exemplary aspect,the collar liner is formed from a knit or woven material that provides acomfortable surface against which a user's ankle may contact. As will bedescribed in FIGS. 14 and 15 , the collar liner 800 may extend through amidfoot opening (and ankle opening) to an interior cavity of thedimensional shoe to form a liner of the cavity. Therefore, the collarliner 800 may be inverted, as will be discussed, to transition from theflat pattern state to the dimensional shoe state, in an exemplaryaspect.

The collar liner 800, in an exemplary aspect, may also serve as a tongueliner for the nested tongue 810. However, as provided herein, theconfiguration, shape, and sizing of the flat pattern upper 300 isexemplary and it is contemplated that aspect may omit one or morefeatures, such as the nested tongue 810.

In this example, the collar liner 800 is positioned with an interiorsurface 802 away from the underlying material and an exterior surface804 (not shown in FIG. 8 , but shown in FIG. 15 ) facing the underlyingmaterials. The interior surface 802, when formed into a dimensionalshoe, faces a bottom surface of the flat pattern upper, such as a bottomsurface of the substrate. The exterior surface 804, when formed into adimensional shoe, forms a foot contacting surface of the dimensionalshoe, as is depicted in FIG. 15 hereinafter.

The collar liner 800 extends from proximate the upper medial heel end308 and the upper lateral heel end 310 in a toewardly direction. Thecollar liner 800 may extend across a portion of the midfoot openingregion, as depicted in FIG. 8 . The collar liner 800 may extend across aportion, but not all of the way to a toeward end, of the midfoot overlay700, as also depicted in FIG. 8 . The collar liner 800 may extend, in amedial-to-lateral direction, across a medial side and a lateral side ofthe upper portion of the flat pattern upper in a coextensive fashion.This width of extension in the medial-to-lateral direction providessufficient collar liner material to extend down internal sidewall of aninternal cavity of the dimensional shoe at an ankle opening. This allowsthe collar liner 800 to serve as a collar liner of the dimensional shoe.

The collar liner is coupled, such as through stitching, welding and/oradhering, with underlying materials of the flat pattern upper 300. Acoupling location 806 (e.g., seam) is depicted in dashed lines. Thecoupling location 806 couples the collar liner 800 with the flat patternupper 300 proximate an ankle opening region and a midfoot openingregion. The coupling location 806 may form a seam defining a perimeterof the ankle opening and a portion of the midfoot opening, in anexemplary aspect, as depicted in FIG. 9 .

As depicted in FIG. 8 , the optional nested tongue 810 having the bottomedge 814 and the top edge 812 may also be coupled with the collar liner800 along a tongue coupling 805. The tongue coupling secures a portionof the collar liner 800 that is intended to be removed from the ankleopening region to the nested tongue 810 proximate the top edge 812. Inthis manner, the collar liner may serve as a backing for the nestedtongue when integrated into the dimensional shoe. For example, it iscontemplated that the nested tongue 810 having the collar liner 800 anda portion of the midfoot overlay 700 at the top edge coupled togethermay be removed from the flat pattern upper adjacent to the tonguecoupling 805. The bottom edge 814 may be secured with a vamp region(e.g., toewardly area of the midfoot opening) and the top edge 812 mayextend toward the ankle opening of the dimensional shoe, in an exemplaryaspect.

FIG. 9 depicts the flat pattern upper having the ankle opening region902, the midfoot opening region 90, and the nested tongue 810 removedfrom the flat pattern upper, in accordance with aspects hereof. Thecoupling location 806 is depicted as a dashed line indicating where thecollar liner 800 is secured with the underlying materials proximate thenewly formed ankle opening 902 that extends into the midfoot opening901. The origin 344′ and second origin 346′ are depicted forillustration purposes as they are removed as part of the materialremoved from a midfoot opening 901 and ankle opening 902. As previouslyprovided, the position of the origin 344 and the second origin 346 maybe selected such that following a coupling of materials, the originaperture may be removed so to not interfere with the function and/oraesthetics of the dimensional shoe. The ankle opening 902 and midfootopening region 901 are defined, in part by a lateral opening edge 904and a medial opening edge 906. It is contemplated that the lateralopening edge 904 and the medial opening edge 906 are formed from acutting operation that allows for the removal of the material at theankle opening 902. Further, as will be depicted in FIG. 15 , the lateralopening edge 904 and the medial opening edge 906 may be obscured as thecollar liner 800 is inverted to form the collar liner of the dimensionalshoe, in an exemplary aspect.

Turning briefly to FIG. 18 illustrating a flow diagram 1800 representinga method of manufacturing an article of footwear having an integratedcollar liner to a flat pattern upper, in accordance with aspects hereof.At a block 1802, a flat pattern upper portion having a top surface andan opposite bottom surface is formed. In an exemplary aspect, thisforming may include providing one or more processes, such as cutting andcoupling. An example of forming an upper portion is depicted in FIGS.3-7 , for example.

At a block 1804, a collar liner is overlaid on the upper portion formedin block 1802. The collar liner having an interior surface and anexterior surface. The collar liner is positioned on the upper portionsuch that the collar line exterior surface faces the upper portion topsurface when in the planar configuration.

At a block 1806, the collar liner is secured with the upper portion toform a collar liner seam. As provided herein, securing may beaccomplished through welding, adhering, tacking, sewing, and the like.In an exemplary aspect, a computer controlled machine, such as along-arm quilting machine may sew the collar liner and other componentsforming the upper portion together at the collar seam.

At a block 1808, a portion of the collar liner and the upper portionnear the collar seam are removed from the flat pattern upper. Forexample, materials in an ankle opening region and a midfoot openingregion may be removed, such as being cut out from the remainder of theupper portion. The removal of the material may form the ankle openingand the midfoot opening of the to-be-formed dimensional shoe. Aspreviously discussed with FIG. 8 , it is also contemplated that theremoved material may include a nested tongue that may then be processedfor inclusion in the dimensional shoe.

At a block 1810, the collar liner is inverted relative to the upperportion. This process may include joining the upper medial heel end 308with the upper lateral heel end 310 (as depicted in FIG. 11hereinafter). Additionally, edges of the collar liner corresponding tothe upper medial heel end 308 and the upper lateral heel end 310 mayalso be joined. The joining may be accomplished by a number of seamingtechniques, such as a butt zigzag stitch. However, other techniques,such as welding, adhering, and the like are contemplated. The collarliner portion may now be inverted, as depicted in FIG. 15 , such thatthe exterior surface of the collar liner transitions to facing away fromthe top surface of the underlying material at locations distal from thecoupling location (e.g., collar seam). This inversion causes the collarliner to form a liner in the being-formed dimensional shoe. Stateddifferently, the inversion of the collar liner causes the collar linerto extend from what will be the exterior of the dimensional shoe to theinternal cavity of the dimensional shoe.

At a block 1812, the upper portion having the inverted collar liner isformed into a dimensional shoe, such as the shoe depicted in FIG. 14 .

Forming the Dimensional Shoe

Turning to FIG. 10 , that depicts an exemplary alignment tool 1000, inaccordance with aspects hereof. While the alignment tool 1000 isdepicted having a particular size and shape, it is contemplated that thealignment tool may be any size and shape sufficient to align two or moreforming apertures. The alignment tool 1000 is depicted with a firstalignment pin 1002, a second alignment pin 1004, and a third alignmentpin 1006. The number, position, and size of alignment pins may vary andthe depiction in FIG. 10 is not limiting.

Turning to FIG. 11 , that depicts the alignment pins 1004, 1002, and1006 extending through the footbed first aperture 334, the footbedsecond aperture 332, and the footbed third aperture 336, respectively,in accordance with aspects hereof. The forming apertures of the footbedportion 304 previously discussed in FIGS. 3-9 are aligned on thealignment tool 1000 through the mechanical engagement of the alignmentpins and the forming apertures.

As also depicted in FIG. 11 , the upper medial heel end 308 and theupper lateral heel end 310 have been joined as a seam 309. As previouslydiscussed the seam 309 may be sewn, sealed, adhered, welded, and thelike. While the seam 309 combines a first part (e.g., medial side) ofthe upper portion 302 with a second part (e.g., lateral side) of theupper portion 302 in a vertical seam 309, it is contemplated that afirst part and a second part of the upper portion 302 may be joined atany location. For example, the joining may occur at the toe end, thelateral side, the medial side, extending across multiple regions, andthe like. Further, it is contemplated that the joining seam may extendin a non-vertical manner. For example, the joining seam may extend in anangled fashion from the midfoot opening 901 and/or the ankle opening 902toward an outer edge (e.g., medial or lateral perimeter) in a toeward orheelward direction, in exemplary aspects.

While the collar liner 800 is depicted as being secured proximate theankle opening 902, it is contemplated that in aspects the collar lineris also secured with one or more layers (e.g., substrate, overlay,itself), which may or may not be proximate the seam 309. Further, asdepicted, the collar liner 800 in FIG. 11 has yet to be inverted toextend into a to-be-formed foot-receiving cavity. However, it iscontemplated that the collar liner 800 may be inverted prior to formingthe seam 309, prior to the alignment with the alignment tool 1000,and/or prior to the depiction of FIG. 12 hereinafter, in exemplaryaspects.

FIG. 12 depicts the upper portion wrapping around the alignment tool1000 such that the forming apertures of the medial flap are mechanicallyengaged by the alignment pins, in accordance with aspects hereof. Forexample, the second alignment pin 1004 extends through both footbedfirst aperture 334 and the upper first aperture 340. The first alignmentpin 1002 extends through both of the footbed second aperture 332 and theupper second aperture 338. The third alignment pin 1006 extends throughboth the footbed third aperture 336 and the upper third aperture 342.Based on the alignment provided by the alignment tool, the medial flap(or other portions of the upper portion) is coupled with the footbedportion. For example, a weld or adhesive may be used to couple theportion together such that once the alignment tool 1000 is removed theforming apertures remain in an acceptable relative location.

Similar to the discussion of FIG. 11 with respect to the collar liner800, the collar liner 800 is depicted not being inverted into thebeing-formed internal cavity of the dimensional shoe; however, thecollar liner 800 at the depicted stage could be inverted into theinternal cavity that will serve as a foot-receiving cavity of thedimensional shoe. Further, the heel-end edges that may be joined aredepicted in a non-joined manner in FIG. 12 ; however, it is alsocontemplated that the heel end edges may be joined prior to orsubsequent to the upper portion wrapping around the alignment tool 1000such that the forming apertures of the medial flap are mechanicallyengaged by the alignment pins, as depicted in FIG. 12 .

FIG. 13 depicts a last 1300 inserted into a volume created by couplingthe medial flap 328 with the footbed portion 304, in accordance withaspects hereof. Unlike FIG. 12 that relied on the alignment tool 1000 toalign the medial flap 328 for coupling with the footbed portion 304, thelast 1300 is a tool intended for forming the shape of the dimensionalfootwear. It is contemplated that the last 1300 is effective toposition, set, and align the inverted collar liner 800 within the cavityoccupied by the last 1300, as depicted. Therefore, the collar liner 800is inverted such that is extends from the ankle opening and a portion ofthe midfoot opening into the internal cavity occupied by the last 1300.As a result of this inversion, the collar liner 800 forms an edge of theankle opening as depicted in FIG. 14 hereinafter. In an exemplaryaspect, the heel end edges (or any edges to be coupled) of the collarliner are secured together prior to the insertion of the last 1300.However, it is also contemplated that an adhesive or other bonding agentis applied to the collar liner 800 or an interior portion of thedimensional shoe to maintain the collar liner 800 in a positioned placeof the internal cavity, in an exemplary aspect.

It is contemplated that one or more portions of the flat pattern upperare then formed around the last 1300. For example, one or more portionsmay have a heat-activated agent that when exposed to heat, increases therigidity of the material(s) where the agent is applied. For example, inthe toe box region of the dimensional shoe, it is contemplated that theagent is applied and heat is introduced to form the toebox region aboutthe inserted last 1300. Upon removal of the last 1300, the toebox regionmaintains a shape guided by the last 1300 as the agent has cured andassists in maintaining the shape. The agent may be applied to otherportions, such as the heel region, to provide similar characteristics inthose regions to which it is applied.

Similarly, it is contemplated that one or more parts of the materialsforming the dimensional shoe may be coupled together while the last 1300is maintained within the internal cavity. For example, an adhesive maybe applied along perimeter portions of one or more overlays to securethe overlay to one or more other materials, such as the substrate, whilethe last 1300 is present. This allows for the dimensional shoe to beformed from a substantially planar flat upper to a dimensional shoehaving the desired shape, size, and curvatures. In another example, theportions of the overlay (or substrate) forming the upper portion 302 inthe toe end and/or heel end that extend around the last 1300 may besecured to the footbed portion 304 to substantially enclose the internalcavity containing the last 1300, in an exemplary aspect.

Further, yet, it is contemplated that a sole may be applied to thelasted upper. Therefore, it is contemplated that the flat pattern upper,when formed about the last 1300, may have a sole applied as is known inthe art.

FIG. 14 depicts a formed dimensional shoe from the flat pattern upper ofFIG. 3-9 , in accordance with aspects hereof. As can be seen, the collarliner 800 extends from an exterior location proximate the ankle opening902 into an interior cavity occupied by the last 1300. The collar linerextends from an exterior inferior location 1402 to an apex 1400 beforeturning back into the internal foot-receiving cavity of the shoe. Asimplified cross section is provided in FIG. 155 along cut line 15 ofFIG. 14 . The cross section of FIG. 15 illustrates the exterior surface804 of the collar liner 800 initially facing the top surface 502 of theoverlay 500 at the coupling location 806 (proximate the exteriorinferior location 1402). The cross section of FIG. 15 further depictsthe exterior surface 804 transitioning, such as at apex 1400, to faceaway from the top surface 502 of the overlay 500. This constructionallows for the collar liner 800 to serve as both a foot-receiving cavityliner as well as a superior edge at the ankle opening with a finishedseam coupling the collar liner to one or more materials forming theexterior of the dimensional shoe.

Many different arrangements of the various components depicted, as wellas components not shown, are possible without departing from the spiritand scope of the present invention. Embodiments of the present inventionhave been described with the intent to be illustrative rather thanrestrictive. Alternative embodiments will become apparent to thoseskilled in the art that do not depart from its scope. A skilled artisanmay develop alternative means of implementing the aforementionedimprovements without departing from the scope of the present invention.

It will be understood that certain features and subcombinations are ofutility and may be employed without reference to other features andsubcombinations and are contemplated within the scope of the claims. Notall steps listed in the various figures need be carried out in thespecific order described.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of manufacturing an article of footwearfrom a flat pattern, the method comprising: forming an origin aperturethat extends through an upper portion, the origin aperture locatedwithin a midfoot region of the upper portion; coupling an overlay havingan alignment aperture to the upper portion, such that the alignmentaperture is aligned with the origin aperture; removing the midfootregion having the origin aperture from the upper portion; and subsequentto removing the midfoot region from the upper portion, forming the upperportion into a three-dimensional shape configured to receive a foot. 2.The method of claim 1, wherein forming the origin aperture comprisescutting a hole in the upper portion that is between 1 millimeter and 10millimeters in diameter.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein coupling theoverlay comprises stitching, adhering, or welding the overlay to theupper portion.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein removing the midfootregion comprises removing a portion of the overlay bonded with themidfoot region.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the midfoot regionincludes an intersection of: a midline reference line extending down aheel of the upper portion when placed on a last; and a ball-width lineextending in a medial-to-lateral direction along a ball region of theupper portion when placed on the last.
 6. A method of manufacturing anarticle of footwear from a flat pattern, the method comprising: formingan origin aperture extending through an upper portion, the originaperture positioned within a midfoot region of the upper portion,wherein the upper portion has an upper toe end with a convex edge and anopposite upper heel end, and an upper medial side and an opposite upperlateral side, wherein the upper heel end comprises a lateral heel endand a medial heel end and forms a nested tongue, and wherein the nestedtongue is positioned between the lateral heel end and the medial heelend, wherein the origin aperture extends through the upper portion at alocation within 10 millimeters of a midline of the upper portion betweenthe upper toe end and the upper heel end; and coupling an overlay havingan alignment aperture to the upper portion, such that the alignmentaperture is aligned with the origin aperture.
 7. The method of claim 6,further comprising: removing the midfoot region with the origin aperturefrom the upper portion; removing the nested tongue from the upperportion; and subsequent to removing the midfoot region and the nestedtongue, forming the upper portion into a three-dimensional shapeconfigured to receive a foot.
 8. The method of claim 7, wherein removingthe midfoot region and removing the nested tongue comprises removing aportion of the overlay bonded with the midfoot region.
 9. The method ofclaim 6, wherein forming the origin aperture comprises cutting a holethrough the upper portion that has a diameter between 1 millimeter and10 millimeters.
 10. The method of claim 6, wherein coupling the overlaycomprises stitching, adhering, or welding the overlay to the upperportion.
 11. The method of claim 6, wherein the midline of the upperportion extends through the upper toe end at an apex of the convex edgeof the upper toe end and the shoe upper midline extends through theupper heel end equidistant between a medial heel intersection betweenthe upper heel end and the upper medial side and a lateral heelintersection between the upper heel end and the upper lateral side. 12.A method of manufacturing a flat pattern for an article of footwear, themethod comprising: forming an upper portion having a toe end with aconvex edge and an opposite heel end, a medial side and an oppositelateral side, such that the upper portion comprises: a midline referenceline extending between the toe end and the heel end; an origin apertureextending through the upper portion at a location within 10 millimetersof the midline reference line between the toe end and the heel end andwithin a midfoot region of the upper portion, wherein the midfoot regiondefines a part of the upper portion that is subsequently removed duringmanufacturing, and wherein the origin aperture is located between afirst side of the midfoot region and a second side of the midfootregion, wherein the first side is closer to the medial side of the upperportion, and wherein the second side is closer to the lateral side ofthe upper portion; coupling an overlay to the upper portion between thetoe end and the heel end and between the medial side and the lateralside, wherein the overlay comprises an alignment aperture extendingthrough the overlay, and wherein the alignment aperture is aligned withthe origin aperture.
 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the originaperture is located on a crossline reference line, and wherein thecrossline reference line extends across a ball-width of the upperportion between the medial side and the lateral side.
 14. The method ofclaim 12, wherein the midline reference line extends through the toe endat an apex of the toe end convex edge and the midline reference lineextends through the heel end equidistant between a first intersectionbetween the heel end and the medial side and a second intersectionbetween the heel end and the lateral side.
 15. The method of claim 12,wherein the origin aperture is positioned on a crossline reference line,and wherein the crossline reference line: extends between the medialside and the lateral side, and is positioned between the toe end of theupper portion and half-way between the toe end and the heel end of theupper portion.
 16. The method of claim 12, wherein the origin apertureis a first origin aperture, and wherein the upper portion furthercomprises a second origin aperture, the second origin aperturepositioned within 10 millimeters of the midline reference line andbetween the first origin aperture and the heel end.
 17. The method ofclaim 16, wherein the alignment aperture is a first alignment aperture,and wherein the overlay further comprises a second alignment aperture,and wherein the second alignment aperture is aligned with the secondorigin aperture.
 18. The method of claim 12, wherein the upper portioncomprises a non-woven material.
 19. The method of claim 12, wherein theoverlay comprises a knit material or a woven material.
 20. The method ofclaim 12, wherein the upper portion is coextensive with an integralfootbed portion.